Sunday, June 17, 2012

The Interim Presidents Of Mexico 1915

When Venustiano Carranza helped to overthrow the dictatorial President Victoriano Huerta in 1913, one of his goals was to return Mexico to its original constitution. So when he took the presidential office, he called a meeting in October 1914, hoping to discuss the policies that his government would implement with the other revolutionary leaders who had helped him: Pancho Villa, Emiliano Zapata, and Alvaro Obregon. However, the truce that this foursome had agreed to was rapidly disintegrating. The Aguascalientes Convention, as this meeting was known, resulted in intense conflicts.

The members of the Convention ended up consisting of several army generals, although pointedly, it did not include Carranza. The members that took part in the meetings decided that they were more competent in running the country, and they awarded themselves the power to be the legitimate Mexican government, then called for Venustiano's resignation and exile to Veracruz. They then assigned several different men to the post of President, none of whom served for more than just a few months.

Eulalio Ortiz was the first interim president, and he led from November 1914 until January 1915. He'd fought with Carranza's army to overthrow Huerta, and was originally from the state of Coahuila. He resigned and lived in exile mostly in the United States (until his death in 1939), because he was annoyed with how Villa and Zapata manipulated him, once they gained control of Mexico City in 1915.

Next came Roque Gonzalez Garza, who became the President of Mexico from January until June 1915, post Ortiz's resignation. He was Francisco Madero's right hand man, and Madero was the driving force behind the Revolution from it's inception. He also was the representative of Pancho Villa at the Aguascalientes Convention, hand-picked by the bandit himself; his promotion seemed logical after his predecessor's arguments with the revolutionaries. It was agreed at the convention that he would turn over power in June, and he did so, returning to the life of a private citizen until the return of Carranza forced him into exile.

Francisco Lagos Chazaro was an ally of Pancho Villa; he was a lawyer in Veracruz who supported Madero also. He ruled from June until October 1915, when he became the interim president of Mexico, following the voluntary resignation of Garza. He was forced to relocate his cabinet several times when he was forced from the capital by the Carranza-loyal Constitutionalist army. When Venustiano roared back into power, it was the end of his term, and Venustiano defeated the forces who'd disagreed with him, creating a new government and new Constitution.


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